Mehta turned both ensembles into first-class symphonies, raising ticket sales and visibility.

In 1978, Mehta began an engagement with the New York Philharmonic Orchestra, considered by many the best ensemble of its kind in North America. When he took over the Philharmonic, critics and audiences were thrilled that a dynamic conductor known for his interpretations of late Romantic works would replace the ascetic, hyper-modern Pierre Boulez. "Under Mehta's spell," wrote Hubert Saal in Newsweek, "the Philharmonic has been born again."

Nonetheless, within two seasons critics began to carp--testimony, perhaps, to the notoriously fickle nature of symphony audiences and critics--and in 1985, Peter G. Davis remarked in New York magazine: "Does anyone care anymore? Mehta has few champions in the music press, and even his most vocal detractors, at one time a boisterous crew, have not had much to say recently.... Whatever controversy remains is carried on in a gray, listless fashion that reflects the kind of unimaginative programs and uneventful music-making heard too frequently these days in Avery Fisher Hall." When Mehta's second term with the Philharmonic expired in 1990, it was not renewed, and he was replaced by the German conductor Kurt Masur.

Mehta has weathered the rough tide of critical acclaim and rebuff with aplomb, always maintaining his good humor and professionalism. He is generally admired for his conducting technique, which is clear, precise, and without flamboyance, and for his deft handling of the often thorny politics of symphony orchestras--especially the demands of managers and board members. He is so beloved by the Israel Philharmonic, of which he has been music director since 1969, that he was appointed director for life in 1981.

The maestro lives in Israel with his second wife, Nancy Kovack, whom he married in 1969. He has two children from his first marriage--a son, Merwan, and a daughter, Zarina. He has won awards and citations from around the world, including numerous honorary degrees and the prestigious Commandre des Arts et des Lettres from the French government.

On November 29, 2005 Mehta appeared with the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra performing Bruckner's 8 symphony. On December 26, 2005, the first anniversary of the Indian Ocean Tsunami, Mehta and the Bavarian State Orchestra performed for the first time in Chennai (formerly called Madras) at the Madras Music Academy. This tsunami memorial concert was organised by the Madras German consulate along with the Max-Mueller Bhavan/Goethe-Institut. 2006 was his last year with the Bavarian State Orchestra.

Mehta is an honorary citizen of Florence and Tel Aviv. He was made an honorary member of the Vienna State Opera in 1997. In 2001 he was bestowed the title of "Honorary Conductor" of the Vienna Philharmonic and in 2004 the Munich Philharmonic awarded him the same title, as did the Los Angeles Philharmonic and the Teatro del Maggio Musicale Fiorentino in 2006. At the end of his tenure with the Bavarian State Opera he was named Honorary Conductor of the Bavarian State Orchestra and Honorary Member of the Bavarian State Opera, and the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde, Wien, appointed him honorary member in November 2007.